CLASS XII (2025 - 26)
(THEORY)
Time:03 Hours Max.Marks:70
Unit I: Diversity of Living Organisms (15 Marks)
Unit II: Structural Organization in Plants andAnimal (10 Marks)
Unit III: Cell:Structure and Function(15 Marks)
Unit IV: Plant Physiology(12 Marks)
Unit V: Human Physiology(18Marks)
Unit I: Diversity of Living Organisms
|
Chapter No. |
Chapter Name |
Key Topics |
|
1 |
The Living World |
Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of
life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Species concept; Taxonomical hierarchy;
Binomial nomenclature |
|
2 |
Biological Classification |
Five kingdom classification; Features & classification
of Monera, Protista, Fungi; Lichens; Viruses & Viroids |
|
3 |
Plant Kingdom |
Major plant groups; Features & examples of Algae,
Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae (Excluded: Angiosperms, Plant Life
Cycle) |
|
4 |
Animal Kingdom |
Features & classification of non-chordates (up to
phyla) and chordates (up to class); Examples (No live specimens to be
displayed) |
Unit II: Structural Organization in
Plants and Animals
|
Chapter No. |
Chapter Name |
Key Topics |
|
5 |
Morphology of Flowering Plants |
Morphology of root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower,
fruit, seed; Family Solanaceae |
|
6 |
Anatomy of Flowering Plants |
Anatomy & functions of tissue systems in dicots and
monocots |
|
7 |
Structural Organisation in Animals |
Morphology, anatomy & functions of digestive,
circulatory, respiratory, nervous & reproductive systems of frog |
Unit III: Cell – Structure and
Function
|
Chapter No. |
Chapter Name |
Key Topics |
|
8 |
Cell – The Unit of Life |
Cell theory; Prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells; Plant vs
animal cells; Cell envelope, membrane, wall; Cell organelles; Cytoskeleton;
Cilia, flagella; Centrioles; Nucleus |
|
9 |
Biomolecules |
Biomolecules; Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic
acids; Enzymes – types, properties, action (Excluded: Chemical bonds,
metabolism, living state) |
|
10 |
Cell Cycle & Cell Division |
Cell cycle; Mitosis; Meiosis; Significance of cell
division |
Unit IV: Plant Physiology
|
Chapter No. |
Chapter Name |
Key Topics |
|
11 |
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants |
Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis; Pigments;
Photochemical & biosynthetic phases; Cyclic & non-cyclic
photophosphorylation; Chemiosmosis; Photorespiration; C3 & C4 pathways;
Factors affecting photosynthesis |
|
12 |
Respiration in Plants |
Gaseous exchange; Glycolysis; Fermentation; TCA cycle;
Electron transport system; ATP yield; Amphibolic pathways; RQ |
|
13 |
Plant Growth & Development |
Seed germination; Phases of growth; Growth rate;
Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation;
Plant growth regulators – Auxin, GA, Cytokinin, Ethylene, ABA |
Unit V: Human Physiology
|
Chapter No. |
Chapter Name |
Key Topics |
|
14 |
Breathing & Exchange of Gases |
Respiratory organs (recall); Human respiratory system;
Breathing mechanism; Gas exchange & transport; Respiratory volume;
Disorders – Asthma, emphysema, occupational diseases |
|
15 |
Body Fluids & Circulation |
Blood composition; Blood groups; Coagulation; Lymph; Human
heart & vessels; Cardiac cycle; ECG; Double circulation; Cardiac
regulation; Disorders – Hypertension, CAD, Angina, Heart failure |
|
16 |
Excretory Products & Their Elimination |
Excretion types; Human excretory system; Urine formation;
Osmoregulation; Kidney regulation – RAAS, ANF, ADH; Diabetes insipidus;
Excretory organs; Disorders – Uremia, renal failure, calculi, nephritis;
Dialysis & kidney transplant |
|
17 |
Locomotion & Movement |
Ciliary, flagellar, muscular movements; Skeletal muscles
& contractile proteins; Muscle contraction; Skeletal system; Joints;
Disorders – Myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis,
osteoporosis, gout |
|
18 |
Neural Control & Coordination |
Neuron & nerves; CNS, PNS, ANS; Nerve impulse
generation & conduction |
|
19 |
Chemical Coordination & Integration |
Endocrine glands & hormones; Human endocrine system
(hypothalamus to gonads); Hormone action; Hypo- & hyperactivity disorders
– dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goitre, diabetes, Addison’s disease |
